QUESTION And ANSWER
1. This type of standard, which depends on the nature of the client’s needs and how the staff uses resources to address them, is:
a. Structure c. Policy
b. Process d. Outcome
2. Clinical instructor Mary assigned student nurse Lynne to a patient with pneumonia for the delivery of total care. The system of care chosen would be:
a. Functional c. Case
b. Primary d. Team
3. As a newly-hired nurse in an intensive care unit, which of the following criteria given for determining priority of nursing care should be considered of greatest priority?
a. Assurance of safety
b. Continuance of personal development
c. Preservation of life
d. Avoidance of changes
4. Student nurse Britney raises her hands upward and smiles broadly when a three-year-old child cooperates in a painful treatment. This situation describes what communication step is in progress?
a. Decoding c. Encoding
b. Transmitting d. Acting
5. Nurse supervisor Ingrid was reprimanded by the chief nurse for being a habitual absentee. In turn, she displaced her anger to her nursing staff. This is what form of aggression?
a. Instinct c. Anger
b. Instrumental d. Frustration
6. A group of nurses in the postpartum ward filed a complaint letter to the chief nurse regarding the ‘Unsatisfactory Attitude” of their nursing supervisor. This is an example of:
a. Horizontal communication
b. Upward communication
c. Informal communication
d. Downward communication
7. Julienne, a newly registered nurse, applied for a nursing staff position at St. Catherine Hospital. She was interviewed by the nursing Directress and was told to share some information about herself. The type of interview technique used in the given situation was:
a. Focused c. Non-structured
b. Non-directive d. Standardized
Answer:
1. B
2. C
3. C
4. C
5. C
6. B
7. C
8. Due to strained relations with the PICU nursing supervisor, nurse Cloribelle decided to resign from her job. As a standard operating procedure for employees holding staff positions, she must give advance notice to her superior at least:
a. 25 days c. 30 days
b. 60 days d. 45 days
9. Nurse-manager Dianne is concerned with organizational policy and direction, forward planning and how the nursing service functions and operates and where it is going in the future. It illustrates what type of decision-making:
a. Operational c. Strategic
b. Personal d. Professional
10. Nurse Manager Ginger who instills confidence in those around her and at the same time colleagues will begin to recognize and enjoy these qualities in others exudes a nurse-managerial attitude of:
a. Passiveness c. Superiorness
b. Assertiveness d. Aggressiveness
11. Nurse supervisor Florypee is often seen as“doing nothing”, maintains only loose control over the group and considers staff can lead themselves. She can be considered as a:
a. Democratic leader c. Autocratic leader
b. Laissez-faire leader d. Participative leader
12. The ability of the nurse-manager to understand the complexities of the over-all organization and where one’s own role and responsibilities fit in illustrates her:
a. Technical skills c. Conceptual skills
b. Human skills d. Diagnostic skills
13. Dr. Jessie Tiu and nurse Isabelita who have taken advantage of their scientific knowledge and skills in Obstetrics, caused an abortion to a pregnant woman with violence. The type of criminal abortion committed is:
a. Unintentional abortion
b. Intentional abortion
c. Violent abortion
d. Habitual abortion
14. Elenita, R.N. and Zenita, R.M., came to an agreement concerning the commission of a crime of infanticide. The situation exemplifies the existence of:
a. Connivance c. Conspiracy
b. Mutiny d. Brigandage
15. Miss Cyril Co, an interior designer, claims herself to be a professional nurse-midwife at St. Mary’s Hospital is guilty of:
a. Misdemeanor c. Misfeasance
b. Malfeasance d. Nonfeasance
Answer
8. C
9. C
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. B
14. C
15. A
16. The time during which a person can hold the office as of right and fixes the interval after which an incumbent shall succeed her is referred to as:
a. Time of office c. Term of office
b. Hold-over office d. Tenure of office
17. The principle under which an officer is permitted to remain in possession of an office and to continue exercising her functions after the end of her lawful term is known as:
a. Doctrine of limited liability
b. Doctrine of extended management
c. Doctrine of hold-over
d. Doctrine of assumption of the risk
18. Ms. Jobina Fabian, a nursing graduate batch 2006 affixed the professional title to her name immediately after graduation without taking and passing the nursing licensure examination. Jobina shall be guilty of misdemeanor to suffer an imprisonment period of:
a. Not less than 2 years nor more than 7 years
b. Not less than 3 years nor more than 5 years
c. Not less than 1 year nor more than 6 years
d. Not less than 5 years nor more than 10 years
19. A group of nurse headed by Supervisor Griselda employed by St. Rafael’s Medical Center has a long-standing dispute with the hospital administrator regarding their salary. The law which regulates the relationship between the employee is:
a. P.D. 148 c. P.D. 1636
b. P.D. 442 d. P.D. 541
20. Nurse Charlotte realizes that in a privilege communication between the nurse and the patient, the seal of secrecy:
a. May be disclosed when the patient is insane
b. May be broken upon the death of the patient
c. Forever remains until the secrecy is removed by the patient
d. May be disclosed when the patient left in the accessory after the fact in a homicide case
21. Clinical instructor Mediavillo writes one or more paragraphs reflecting her views of student nurses performance of intermediate competencies in the operating room under her clinical supervision. This method of measuring performance is:
a. Criterion-reference c. Critical incident
b. Essay technique d. Task analysis
22. All applicants for license to practice nursing shall be required to pass a written examination which shall be in accordance with RA 8981, otherwise known as:
a. Compensation and Classification
b. PRC Modernization Act of 2000
c. Philippine Nursing Act of 1991
d. Philippine Nursing Act of 2002
16. C
17. C
18. C
19. B
20. C
21. B
22. B
23. Malou de Leon is about to take the Nursing Licensure Examination on December 6-7, 2003. In order to pass the examination, she has to:
a. Obtain a general average of at least 80% with a rating of not below 75% in any subject
b. Obtain a general average of at least 75% with a rating of not below 75% in any subject
c. Obtain a general average of at least 75% with a rating of not below 60% in any subject.
d. Obtain a general average of 80% with a rating of not below 60% in any subject.
24. The first nursing law enacted on March 1, 1919 which regulated the practice of nursing in the Philippines is:
a. Act No. 3025 c. Act No. 4007
b. Act No. 2808 d. Act No. 3438
25. Nurse Flavian, staff nurse of Quezon City Medical Center is duty bound by law to pay her individual income tax pursuant to the new Comprehensive Tax Reform Act of 1997 which is:
a. RA 7432 c. RA 7160
b. RA 8424 d. RA 8024
26. Under the Comprehensive Tax Reform Act of 1997, nurse Flavian being a single individual with no qualified dependent enjoys personal exemptions of:
a. P25,000 c. P32,000
b. P20,000 d. P15,000
27. Nurse-midwife Zabrina operates her own lying-in clinic in the province of Cavite after ten working years of hospital experience in New Zealand. As a self-employed person, she can continue to be an SSS member under:
a. RA 8282 c. PD 1519
b. PD 626 d. PD 8291
28. Republic Act 8423 of 1997 which focuses in the dissemination of the extensive utilization of herbal products as medicinal drugs has created the:
a. National Institute of Herbal Medicine
b. Philippine Institute of Alternative Herbal Medicine
c. Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care
d. National Institute of Natural and Herbal Products
29. The professional nurse covered by the taxation power of the state is duty bound by the law to pay her privilege tax of:
a. P150.00 on or before January 31 annually
b. P500.00 on or before January 31 annually
c. P300.00 on or before January 31, annually
d. P200.00 on or before January 31 annually
23. C
24. B
25. B
26. A
27. A
28. C
29. C
30. Nurse Vilma who worked for 25 years at King Abubakhar Medical Center in Libya decides to return back to the Philippines. As a Filipino professional she can practice her profession in the country pursuant to:
a. PD 541 c. PD 856
b. PD 603 d. PD 807
31. Miss Sto. Rosario twenty years old from X College of Nursing submitted her application for nurse licensure examination but was refused because:
a. her transcript of records was authenticated 200 days prior to the actual date of application
b. she is an alien with proof of reciprocity
c. her application was not under oath
d. she was only three years of permanent residency
32. Luckily, Miss Joy passed the examination and is waiting for the issuance of a certificate to practice nursing. This responsibility primarily belongs to the:
a. Civil Service Commission
b. Board of Nursing
c. Professional Regulatory Commission
d. Office of the President
33. While waiting for the issuance of her license, she accompanied one day a friend Miss Tamor, to the Philippine Nurses Association. To qualify for membership in the PNA, Miss Tamor must meet the following except:
a. Registered nurse of the Philippines
b. Good moral character
c. One year nursing experience
d. Must have paid the membership fee
34. The Philippine Nurse Association was founded in 1922 by:
a. Anne Sand c. Anastacia G. Tupaz
b. Dean J. Sotejo d. Rosario Delgado
35. To practice legitimately her profession, Miss Paredes must renew her license every:
a. 1 year c. three years
b. two years d. four years
36. To be a Dean of a nursing school how many yrs of experience in nursing is required in R.A. 9173?
a. 10 years c. 20 years
b. 1 year d. 5 years
37. A person occupying supervisory or managerial position requires the number of experience needed in the nursing service administration is:
a. 1 year c. 3 years
b. 2 years d. 5 years
38. After passing the local board examination, Trisha immediately was hired a staff nurse. She still lacks the necessary skills and expertise to be a certified IV therapy nurse. The responsibility for her to upgrade her skills lies in:
a. Herself c. Her hospital
b. BON d. PNA
30. A
31. C
32. B
33. C
34. C
35. C
36. z
37. B
38. A
39. Soon, you will be joining the practice of professional nursing. Together with other members of the health care team, you will be expected to assume different roles and responsibilities. The primary role of the nursing aide is:
a. taking of vital signs
b. reporting the needs of clients
c. administering oral meds for stable patients
d. providing direct nursing care
40. A registered nurse arrives at work and is told to report (float) to the intensive care unit (ICU) for the day because the ICU is understaffed and needs additional nurses to care for the clients. The nurse has never work in ICU. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
a. Refuse to float in the ICU
b. Call the hospital lawyer
c. Call the nursing supervisor
d. Report to the ICU and identify tasks that can be safely performed
41. A nurse gives an inaccurate dose of a medication to a client. After assessment of the client, the nurse completes an incident report. The nurse notifies the nursing supervisor of the medication error and calls the physician to report the occurrence. The nurse who administered the inaccurate medication dose understands that the:
a. Error will result in suspension
b. Incident report is a method of promoting quality care and risk management
c. Incident will be reported to the Board of Nursing
d. Incident will be documented in the personnel file.
42. Which statement reflects the legally correct action by a nurse when a person solicits medical advice?
a. The nurse must always refer the person to a physician
b. The nurse does not need to refer the person to the physician if he convinced it is not necessary
c. If the nurse is on private practice without written physician’s protocols, she may diagnose and treat the person without physician’s referral
d. The nurse must always follow up on the person’s status day or two later
43. The legal time of death is considered to be:
a. When the second brain death note is placed on the chart
b. When the ventilator is turned off in the operating room
c. When the first brain death note is placed on the chart.
d. When the heart is removed during the retrieval procedure
39. D
40. D
41. B
42. A
43. A
SITUATION: Ballena, a nurse working at San Dionisio City Hospital, you are aware that proper documentation in the patient chart is a legal responsibility.
44. A nurse gives the wrong medication to a client. Another nurse employed by the hospital as a nurse manager will expect to receive which of the following communication?
a. incident report
b. oral report from the nurse
c. copy of medication kardex
d. order change signed by the physician
45. Performing a procedure on a client in the absence of informed consent can lead to which of the following charges?
a. fraud c. assault and battery
b. harassment d. breach of confidentiality
46. Which of the following characteristics of the client goal in the plan of care is correct?
a. Nurse - focused, flexible, measurable, and realistic
b. Client – focused, flexible, realistic, and measurable
c. Nurse – focused, time-framed, realistic, and measurable
d. Client – focused, time-framed, realistic, and measurable
47. A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client with exacerbation of asthma. Which of the following times in ideal to begin discharge planning?
a. at the time of admission
b. after the acute episode is resolved
c. the day before discharge
d. when the discharge order is written
48. A nurse is witnessing consent from a client before a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following factors is a component of informed consent?
a. freedom from coercion
b. durable power of attorney
c. private insurance coverage
d. disclosure of previous answers given by the client
49. The role of the RN includes which of the following principles?
a. the RN must directly supervise all delegated task
b. after a task is delegated, it’s no longer the RN’s responsibility
c. the RN is responsible for delegating task to adjunct personnel
d. follow-up with a delegated task is necessary only if the assistive personnel is trust worthy
44. A
45. C
46. D
47. A
48. A
49. A
50. Nursing process is a problem-solving methodology of the nursing profession. It is the manner of:
a. establishing a trusting and productive relationship
b. determining the outcome or result of action taken
c. relating, assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating
d. both a & b
51. The National Nutrition Council of the Philippines has identified the following forms of malnutrition which are highly prevalent in the Philippines, except:
a. Vit. A deficiency
b. Calorie energy deficiency
c. Iodine deficiency disorder
d. Iron deficiency anemia
52. Under the Magna Carta of Public Health Worker, every public health worker shall be compensated a hazard allowance equivalent to at least:
a. 25% of the monthly basic salary
b. 30% of the monthly basic salary
c. 10% of the monthly basic salary
d. 20% of the monthly basic salary
53. A nurse as a public health worker under RA 7305 shall be entitled to a monthly longevity pay equivalent to:
a. 10% of the monthly basic salary
b. 20% of the monthly basic salary
c. 30% of the monthly basic salary
d. 5% of the monthly basic salary
54. The national Hepatitis B Prevention and Awareness Week is celebrated annually in the month of:
a. July c. February
b. September d. November
55. Nurse Ursula assisted her patient in the making of a holographic will. All but one is the outstanding feature of a holographic will:
a. Handwritten by the testator
b. Signed by the testator
c. Dated by the testator
d. Acknowledged by a notary public
56. Nurse Willa killed her husband Alfred due to infidelity. Under Act No. 3815, she shall be guilty of:
a. Genocide c. Homicide
b. Parricide d. Murder
57. Erica Estelle was born January 15, 1978 in America of a Filipino mother who elect Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority is considered a:
a. Native-born citizen
b. Natural-born citizen
c. Citizen by election
d. Citizen by naturalization
50. C
51. B
52. A
53. D
54. D
55. D
56.
57. C
58. Nurse Eudora agrees to give insulin injection to patient Gabrielle in the admitting section of Good Samaritan Hospital in the given situation. Who is the passive subject in the performance of an obligation?
a. Nurse Eudora c. Hospital
b. Patient Gabrielle d. Insulin injection
59. Nurse Camille delivered her first-born child by Engr. Albert. Under the Paternity Act of 1997, Engr. Albert shall be entitled to:
a. 15 days paternity leave with full pay
b. 10 days paternity leave with full pay
c. 7 days paternity leave with full pay
d. 5 days paternity leave with full pay
60. Nurse-midwife Christopher was instructed by his supervisor to work on December 25 – Christmas day which falls on his rest day. Under Executive Order No. 203, Christopher shall be entitled to additional:
a. 25% of his daily salary
b. 10% of his daily salary
c. 30% of his daily salary
d. 50% of his daily salary
61. The Philippine Nurses Association was organized on October 22, 1922 upon the initiation of:
a. Rosario Delgado c. Anastacio Tupaz
b. Corazon dela Pena d. Vicenta Ponce
62. Nurses Clothilde helps hide and dispose narcotic drugs from the hospital’s storage cabinet which Nurse Charity has stolen from it. By this criminal act she can be charged as being a:
a. Principal by inducement
b. Accomplice
c. Accessory
d. Principal by direct participation
63. After killing infant Dixil, less than three days of age, Nurse Elfreda had voluntarily surrendered herself to the police authorities and confessed her guilt.. Such an actuation shall affect her criminal liability as:
a. Justifying circumstances
b. Mitigating circumstances
c. Exempting circumstances
d. Aggravating circumstances
64. After the death of Don Esekiel, his real and personal properties are transmitted to his heirs through succession whether or not he left a will. Don Esekiel is a:
a. devisee c. decedent
b. legatee d. testatrix
65. Nurse Petrina intends to be a military nurse in the Armed Forces of the Philippines. To qualify for commission in the AFP Nurses Corps she must have all of the following qualifications; except:
a. Must be single
b. Must be a registered nurse with a board rating of at least 80%
c. Must not be more than 35 years of age
d. Must be 60 inches in height
58. B
59. C
60. D
61. C
62. C
63. B
64. C
65. C
66. Miss Maria Olivia Linda, a clinical instructor at Reina de Cavite College of Nursing intends to resign from her work in lieu of an overseas employment. As a person holding a teaching position, she is duty bound to give advance resignation notice to the Dean within the prescribed period of:
a. one month c. one week
b. two months d. six months
67. Midwife Davina applies as a nurse in Mary Immaculate Hospital and was soon found not to be a registered nurse. The contract that she has signed became:
a. void c. voidable
b. unenforceable d. implied
68. Marriage contracts, mortgages, deeds of sale and work contracts can be classified as:
a. Expressed contracts c. Informal contracts
b. Implied contracts d. Formal contracts
69. Miss Donatella, RN has a 2-years contract at our Lady of Fatima Hospital as a surgical intensive care unit nurse. Barely 6 months in her work, she took the CGFNS examination and luckily passed it. So she decided to abandon her job without finishing her contract and formal notice to her immediate superior. For her wrongdoing, she can be charged of:
a. dereliction of duty
b. breach of contract
c. assault and battery
d. breach of privileged communication
70. The 1982 Code of Ethical for Nurses in the Philippines was produced by the PNA Special Committee under the dynamic chairmanship of:
a. Dr. Aurora Yapchiongco
b. Dean Julita A. Sotejo
c. Elvegia R. Mendoza
d. Patricia Sto. Tomas
71. In accordance with Act. No. 2808 or the First True Nursing Law, the first board examination for the nurses in the Philippines was given in:
a. 1915 b. 1920 c. 1953 d. 1966
72. Now that the United States of America staged a war against global terrorism and after working in the US at Believue Hospital for 10 years, Nurse Afghan decided to return back to practice nursing in the Philippines which she can do so under:
a. RA 8282 c. ILO 94
b. PD 541 d. EO 209
73. Theory A, a popular human motivational theory describes the traditional American style for work organizations and management of typical American firms with the following features except:
a. Long-term employment
b. Predominantly downward communication patterns
c. Rapid evaluation and promotion
d. Segmented concern for employment
66. A
67. B
68. D
69. B
70. B
71. B
72. B
73. A
74. Redcliffe, a trauma unit nurse is noted for his outstanding characteristics as being self-motivated to achieve goals to which he is committed. These characteristics reflect an optimistic view of an employee under:
a. Theory A c. Theory X
b. Theory Z d. Theory Y
75. If a client is asking the nurse about the cost of treatment at the healthcare facility where care is being received, the nurse refers to a document when needing information about the client’s query. The patient’s right to this information is based on?
a. Code for Nurses
b. Client’s Bill of Rights
c. Hospital’s Policy Manual
d. Nurse Practice Act
76. A three year-old girl named Ela Malang have eczema on the face and arms, which has not healed due to the child’s persistent scratching. Such case was due to poor program regarding cleanliness in their community in Tondo. It produces secondary infection and sores. The nurse has the knowledge regarding the child’s situation but failed to any nursing action other than warning the child to “stop scratching – or else”. This is legally:
a. A commission or omission of an act making the nurse negligent
b. A slanderous remark
c. A sign of assault and battery to the child when overheard by the mother
d. It is child abuse
77. While Pilar, a 17-year old girl was watching TV, she felt pain in the right lower quadrant of his body. The doctor diagnosed that she be undergoing STAT appendectomy. In relation to taking an informed consent from a 17 year-old adolescent, the nurse should remember that the adolescent:
a. Does not have the legal capacity to give consent
b. Is not capable of accepting and choosing
c. Is able to give voluntary consent when parents are not available
d. Will most likely be unable to choose between alternatives when asked to consent
78. A legally safe advice to a parent of an infant with an obvious physical defect, the nurse should:
a. Discourage them from talking about their baby
b. Encourage them to express their worries and fears
c. Tell them not to worry because the defect can be repaired
d. Show them post-operative photographs of babies who had similar defect
79. A patient, G8P5, refused to inject her 3rd dose of Depopropvera. The nurse insisted in spite the patient’s refusal forcibly injected the contraceptive. She can be sued to what of the following?
a. Battery c. Malpractice
b. Assault d. Negligence
74. D
75. B
76. A
77. A
78. B
79. A
80. When the nurse starts to work in the hospital but without a written contract, which of the following is expected of her?
a. She is not bound to perform according to the standards of the nursing practice.
b. She provides nursing care within the acceptable standards nursing practice.
c. She is not obligated to provide professional service.
d. The employer does not hold the nurse responsible for her action.
81. A patient has been in the ICU for 2 weeks. The relatives have consented to a “do not resuscitate” order. When the client develops a cardiac arrest the nurse will carry out which of the following actions?
a. only medication will be given
b. all ordinary measures will be stop
c. basic and advance life support will not be given
d. mechanical ventilation and NGT will be stopped
82. Active or positive euthanasia is a deliberate act to end a patient’s life. Which of the following is passive or negative euthanasia?
a. administering a criminal substance to hasten death
b. increasing dose of general anesthesia when not required during operation
c. Removing life support system to alleviate prolonged suffering
d. prescribing an agent that would result in death
83. Negligence means failure to:
a. observe behavior of an unscrupulous man
b. behave properly as a person
c. carry out one’s duties and responsibilities
d. do what is supposed to be done
84. To legalize a patient’s release from a hospital, what is needed?
a. doctor’s discharge order
b. patient’s consent
c. patient’s payment
d. patient’s signature at the proper form
85. When patient asks the nurse if she is dying, the best reply would be
a. “ God knows when”
b. “No if you will always have dialysis”
c. “ All of us will die”
d. “ Ask your doctor”
SITUATION: It is said that the majority of the practical knowledge in the health care field is derived from research. Because of this, it is important that nurses directly or indirectly participate in the research activities in order to add knowledge in the profession.
86. This type of sampling uses the techniques whereby the population is subdivided into areas or sections and then taking a random sample from each section:
a. Systematic sampling
b. Cluster sampling
c. Stratified sampling
d. Purposive sampling
80. B
81. C
82. C
83. D
84. D
85. D
86. B
87. In this type of sampling, data are collected from anyone available such as those who are present in the theatre lobby or those who are present in the CR at one time or another:
a. Systematic sampling c. Cluster sampling
b. Purposive sampling d. Accidental sampling
88. In this type of sampling, selection of units in the sample is done by some sort of chance:
a. Simple random sampling
b. Purposive sampling
c. convenience sampling
d. Cluster sampling
89. A new staff nurse would like to collect data on common problems encountered by renal patients in the hospital. In this survey, she selects only the kidney patients in the hospital. This is an example of what type of sampling?
a. Convenience c. Purposive
b. Random d. Cluster
90. This type of sampling when a given group of subjects are studied for an extended period of time is called:
a. Cross-sectional c. Purposive
b. Longitudinal d. Cross-cultural
Situation: As a nurse researcher, you must have a very good understanding of the common terms and concepts used in research.
91. The recipients of the experimental treatment in an experimental design or the individuals to be observed in a non-experimental design are called:
a. treatment c. sample
b. setting d. subject
92. The information that an investigator collects from the subjects or participants in a research study is usually called:
a. Variable c. data
b. hypothesis d. concepts
93. The devise or technique an investigator employs to collect data is called:
a. hypothesis c. instrument
b. sample d. concept
94. Which of the following refers to the independent variable?
a. effect c. cause
b. result d. output
95. The use of another person’s ideas or wordings without giving appropriate credit is:
a. quotation c. paraphrase
b. assumption d. plagiarism
87. D
88. A
89. C
90. B
91. D
92. C
93. C
94. C
95. D
Situation: The nursing affiliates in the rural health center are conducting research in relation to Expanded Program on immunization.
96. Which of the following statements is best for the student’s research?
a. What are the causes of failure of Expanded program on Immunization?
b. Relationship between immunization and communicable diseases.
c. Occurrence of Communicable diseases among children without Expanded Program on immunization.
d. How many children in the Barangay are immunized?
97. Which of the following instruments is the source of the review of the related literature of this study?
a. records c. observation
b. interview d. survey
98. What is the appropriate research design to be used in the study?
a. historical c. descriptive
b. experimental d. quasi-experimental
99. Which of the following instruments is the source of related literature of this study?
a. Previous researches c. DOH Manual
b. school library d. City library
100. What is the appropriate sampling method to be used?
a. cluster c. convenience
b. purposive d. random
96. A
97.A
98. C
99. A
100.B
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