Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
aka.Chronic Airflow Limitation (CAL)
-group of disorders that affect movement of air in & out of lungs
-USA:1/14 people age >45
-RISK FACTORS:
-smoking
-air pollution
-aging
EMPHYSEMA
-enlargement & destruction of alveolar walls
-main problem:ELASTICITY
-there is difficult expiration due to destructed walls/septa between alveoli-->OBSTRUCTION
-aka. PINK PUFFERS due to their normal arterial oxygen levels and marked dyspnea
Causes:
-smoking -infection -inhaled irritants
-heredity -allergic factors -aging
S/SX:
-dyspnea on exertion -cough & sputum -signs of respiratory distress
-fatigue -weight loss -PE: hyper resonant on percussion
Nursing Care:
a. administer medications as ordered
b.O2 at 1-3LPM ONLY
c. facilitate removal of secretions
d. teach about pursed-lip breathing
e. diet: increase protein, carbohydrates & vitamin C
f. immunize against pneumonia & influenza
g. avoid smoking, abrupt changes in temperature
h. exercise: walking
i. plan activities with adequate rest
COMPLICATIONS;
-acute respiratory failure
- pneumothorax due to bleb rupture
-cor pulmonale due to increase cardiac workload
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
-inflammation of the bronchi with excessive production of mucus accompanied by persistent cough
-chronic inflammation results to:
-hypertrophy & hyperplasia of
mucus secreting glands
-decrease ciliary activity
-narrowing of small airways
Diagnostic Criteria:
-symptoms must continue for 3 months for 2 consecutive years
S/SX:
- productive cough with copious sputum - dyspnea on exertion
- rales/rhonch -cyanosis
BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
-chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways where many cells play a role
-REVERSIBLE obstructive disease of the lower respiratory tract with 3 main airway responses
Categories:
a. Extrinsic (Allergic) -due to dust, pollen, insects, smoke, medications , food
b.Intrinsic (Non-allergic) -due to pathophysiologic conditions within the respiratoy tract
-->BOTH:AIRWAY IS HYPERACTIVE!
S/SX:
Cardinal:
-waxing & waning with nocturnal occurrence
-dyspnea
-expiratory wheeze
-cough
-chest discomfort/tightness
-irritability
-diaphoresis
-cyanosis (late)
DIAGNOSIS:
Spirometry:
-decrease VC
-increase FRC
-increase TLC
-increase RV
Hallmark: Reversibility of increase 200 ml FEV1 with bronchodilator
COMPLICATION: - Status Asthmaticus
Nursing Care:
a.administer medications as ordered
-reliever medications
-controller medications
-antibiotics
b.position: High Fowlers
c. oxygen as needed
d. chest percussion & postural drainage when bronchodilation improves
-Discharge Planning:
-well ventilated room -damp dusting, avoid rugs,stuffed animals, natural fibers
-moderate exercise: swimming -deep breathing exercises
-early treatment for URTI -avoid extremes of temperature
-avoid powerful odors
Posts
17 comments :
Hi,
Healthline just launched a campaign for called "You Are Not Your COPD" where COPD patients share their story or advice about living with the disease. You can see the homepage for the campaign here: http://www.healthline.com/health/copd/inspirational-stories
We have partnered with the COPD Foundation to promote the campaign and have pledged that for every submitted story, Healthline will donate $10 to the COPD Foundation.
I am writing to ask if you can help spread the word about this campaign by including it as a resource on your page: http://notesmore.blogspot.com/2011/10/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease.html
The more stories we receive the more Healthline will donate to COPD research, support, and treatment programs. Would you please consider including this on your site or sharing with your followers?
I'm happy to answer any questions you may have.
Thank you,
Maggie Danhakl • Assistant Marketing Manager
p: 415-281-3124 f: 415-281-3199
Healthline • The Power of Intelligent Health
660 Third Street, San Francisco, CA 94107
www.healthline.com | @Healthline | @HealthlineCorp
About Us: corp.healthline.com
I wonder if people know about this amazing copd treatment. This is such a wonderful blessing for the COPD patient. Many of the patient have given positive reviews about it.
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I have been diagnosed with COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and my doctor has given me Seebri Breezhaler, it's an inhalation powder 44 micrograms. I take it once a day in the morning. It's a great help to breathing, it's a new medicine on test, 10 out of 10 from me! But still yet i was told it has no cure for it. I was fed up to nearly take my life until my son saw a post of a lady who testify that there's a cure for copd and she was diagnosed with this disease for 8 years before she came arrow a website of an Africa clinic. Which provide natural herbal herbs to cure copd and she purchase it through online. My son purchase their copd herbal remedy on my behalf and give it to me to use with the instructions given on how to apply it, when i applied it as instructed i was totally cured of this deadly disease within 12 weeks of usage. I advise whosoever reading my testimony should visit www.solutionhealthherbalclinic.com and seek for your solution, You also can email at solutionsherbalclinic@gmail.com.
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I am not sure of the cause of COPD emphysema in my case. I smoked pack a day for 12 or 13 years, but quit 40 years ago. I have been an outdoor person all my adult life. Coughing started last summer producing thick mucus, greenish tint to clear. I tried prednisone and antibiotics, but no change. X-rays are negative, heart lungs and blood and serum chemistries all are normal. I have lung calcification from childhood bout with histoplasmosis. I am 75 years old and retired.My current doctor directed me to totalcureherbsfoundation .c om which I purchase the COPD herbal remedies from them ,they are located in Johannesburg, the herbal treatment has effectively reduce all my symptoms totally, am waiting to complete the 15 weeks usage because they guaranteed me total cure.
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